Practical Tips for Exploring this Beautiful South American Treasure
Peru is a land of breathtaking landscapes, rich history, and vibrant culture. It beckons travelers from all walks of life. The country’s most popular destination is the awe-inspiring citadel of Machu Picchu. Peru is also filled with lesser-known gems that promise equally captivating experiences.
This essential guide of traveling to Peru tips will take you through Peru’s must-see destinations. With its diverse offerings, including several UNESCO World Heritage sites, Peru has something magical for everyone.
We will delve into the best times to visit, address practical concerns like altitude sickness and safety, and provide insights on vaccination requirements. All of this ensures your Peruvian adventure is as seamless and enjoyable as possible. Contact us to craft your perfect Peruvian getaway. Pack your bags and get ready to uncover the marvels of Peru!
Discovering Machu Picchu
The Lost City of the Incas
Machu Picchu, often referred to as “The Lost City of the Incas,” is a marvel of ancient engineering nestled high in the Andes Mountains. This UNESCO World Heritage site draws millions each year. Travelers are eager to witness its majestic ruins and striking natural surroundings. Built in the 15th century and later abandoned, the citadel remained largely unknown to the outside world until its rediscovery in 1911 by Hiram Bingham.
The site features agricultural terraces, sophisticated stone constructions, and the iconic Intihuatana stone, believed to be an astronomical clock or calendar. Visitors can explore various sectors of the citadel, including the Temple of the Sun, the Room of the Three Windows, and the Sacred Plaza. Getting to Machu Picchu involves either hiking the Inca Trail or a train ride to Aguas Calientes. Whatever method you choose, Machu Picchu promises a journey into the heart of ancient Andean civilization.
As someone who personally hiked the mountain, I will say visiting this site is a life-changing experience.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Machu Picchu is during the dry season, which spans from May to September. These months offer the most consistent weather with clear skies, making it ideal for trekking and photography. June to August is the peak tourist season, so expect larger crowds. If you prefer a quieter experience, consider visiting in May or September when the weather is still favorable but the influx of tourists is less intense.
The rainy season, from November to March, brings frequent showers and increased cloud cover. While this period sees fewer visitors and lower prices, the rain can make trails muddy and challenging to navigate. It’s important to plan ahead and book permits for the Inca Trail well in advance, as they are limited and can sell out quickly, especially during peak months.
Tips for a Memorable Experience
It is best to book your entrance tickets and any guided tours well in advance, especially if you plan to hike the Inca Trail. If you plan to arrive via train, as most do, you will need to plan to arrive accordingly, as tickets to the monument are timed. There are plenty of hostels and hotels at the base of the mountain. You can ascend via a hike of numerous switchbacks, or take a shuttle.
Early morning visits can provide a more serene experience and the chance to see the sunrise over the ruins. Wear comfortable hiking shoes and bring layers, as temperatures can vary significantly throughout the day. Don’t forget a hat, sunscreen, and insect repellent to protect against the elements. Carry a reusable water bottle to stay hydrated but note that disposable plastic bottles are prohibited.
Engage a knowledgeable local guide to enrich your understanding of the site’s history and significance. Lastly, respect the site by staying on designated paths and not climbing on the ruins. These measures ensure that Machu Picchu remains preserved for future generations to enjoy.
Near Macchu Pichu: The Sacred Valley and Beyond
In addition to Machu Picchu, Peru offers amazing adventures throughout the country. Most are a small flight or longer drive. Plane fare within the country is reasonable but they do not have the strict timing regulations that are standard in the U.S., so delays are common. Don’t stress about it, as most locals go with the flow. The rich and vibrant cultures that are here should be respected and who knows, maybe you’ll learn a thing or two!
I traveled to this region first-hand and would love to share my experiences. Let’s chat and make your South American journey a true masterpiece!
Exploring Ollantaytambo
Ollantaytambo is a charming town in the Sacred Valley of the Incas, known for its well-preserved Inca architecture and stunning archaeological site. Often referred to as the “Living Inca City,” Ollantaytambo’s narrow cobblestone streets and traditional homes built on original Inca foundations provide a unique glimpse into Peru’s rich cultural heritage. The town is dominated by the imposing ruins of the Ollantaytambo Fortress. This massive stone structure once served as a military, religious, and agricultural center. Visitors can explore the terraces, ceremonial areas, and the Sun Temple, all offering breathtaking views of the valley below.
Ollantaytambo is also a gateway to the Inca Trail, making it a popular stop for trekkers heading to Machu Picchu. Whether wandering through the vibrant local market or hiking up to the Pinkuylluna ruins, Ollantaytambo offers a blend of history and natural beauty that is not to be missed.
Pisac Market and Ruins
Pisac, another gem in the Sacred Valley, is renowned for both its bustling market and remarkable archaeological site. The Pisac Market, especially vibrant on Sundays, is a treasure trove of artisanal crafts, textiles, and fresh produce. It’s an ideal place to purchase traditional Andean souvenirs and immerse yourself in local culture.
Just a short distance from the market, the Pisac ruins offer a fascinating glimpse into the ingenuity of the Inca civilization. The site includes agricultural terraces, ceremonial baths, and intricately constructed temples. The Sun Temple, carved from pink granite, is a highlight that shouldn’t be missed. The ruins are perched on a hilltop, providing panoramic views of the Sacred Valley below. To fully appreciate the historical and cultural significance of Pisac, consider hiring a local guide.
Between the colorful market and the awe-inspiring ruins, Pisac presents a perfect blend of cultural immersion and historical exploration.
Maras and Moray Terraces
The Maras and Moray terraces offer a unique look into the agricultural ingenuity of the Incas. Located in the Sacred Valley, these sites are a testament to advanced pre-Columbian engineering. The Maras salt mines consist of thousands of salt pools carved into the mountainside. These pools have been used to harvest salt since Inca times, and the process remains largely unchanged. The sight of the shimmering salt flats against the Andean landscape is truly mesmerizing.
Just a short drive away, the Moray terraces showcase a different type of agricultural innovation. These circular terraces are believed to have been an agricultural laboratory where the Incas experimented with crop cultivation at different altitudes and microclimates. The concentric circles create varied temperatures, allowing researchers to understand how different conditions affect crop growth. Visiting both Maras and Moray offers a fascinating insight into the sustainable farming practices of the ancient Incas.
Traveling to Peru: The Country’s Coastal Wonders
The Enigmatic Nazca Lines
The Nazca Lines, etched into the arid desert plains of southern Peru, remain one of the world’s greatest archaeological mysteries. These vast geoglyphs, created by the Nazca culture between 500 BCE and 500 CE, consist of hundreds of figures ranging from simple lines to complex animal and plant designs. Best viewed from the air, the Nazca Lines stretch across nearly 1,000 square kilometers and include iconic images like the hummingbird, monkey, and spider.
The purpose of these vast drawings is still debated, with theories ranging from astronomical calendars to religious rituals. Visitors can take a short flight from the town of Nazca to get a bird’s-eye view of these incredible formations. For those who prefer to stay grounded, the Maria Reiche Observatory offers a more accessible vantage point. The Nazca Lines continue to captivate researchers and tourists alike, offering a glimpse into the ingenuity and mystery of ancient Peruvian culture.
Paracas National Reserve
Paracas National Reserve is a stunning coastal sanctuary located on the southern coast of Peru. This protected area spans over 335,000 hectares and is renowned for its rich biodiversity and unique landscapes. Visitors to the reserve can explore dramatic cliffs, sandy beaches, and red desert dunes that create a striking contrast against the blue Pacific Ocean. The reserve is a haven for wildlife, home to birds such as flamingos, pelicans, and condors, as well as sea lions and dolphins.
Paracas also holds significant archaeological sites, including the Paracas Candelabra, a large geoglyph etched into the hillside. Whether you’re a nature enthusiast, birdwatcher, or history buff, Paracas National Reserve offers an unforgettable experience.
Ballestas Islands Wildlife
The Ballestas Islands, part of the Paracas National Reserve, are often dubbed the “Poor Man’s Galapagos” due to their rich biodiversity and stunning wildlife. These rocky islands, accessible by boat from Paracas, are a sanctuary for a wide array of marine creatures and birds. Visitors can expect to see colonies of playful sea lions basking on the shores and hear their distinctive calls echoing across the water.
The islands are also home to Humboldt penguins, a species native to the coasts of Peru and Chile. These birds can often be seen waddling along the rocky terrain or diving into the ocean. Birdwatchers will be thrilled by the sight of numerous seabirds, including cormorants, boobies, and pelicans. The waters around the Ballestas Islands are teeming with marine life, making it a fantastic location for spotting dolphins and, occasionally, whales. This vibrant ecosystem offers an unforgettable wildlife viewing experience in Peru.
Lesser-Known Hidden Gems while Traveling to Peru
The Tranquil Lake Titicaca
Lake Titicaca, straddling the border between Peru and Bolivia, is one of South America’s most serene and captivating destinations. As the highest navigable lake in the world, sitting at over 3,800 meters above sea level, Lake Titicaca is steeped in both natural beauty and cultural significance. The lake is dotted with islands, each offering unique experiences.
The Uros Floating Islands, made entirely from totora reeds, are home to the indigenous Uros people who have maintained their traditional way of life for centuries. Visitors can also explore Taquile Island, renowned for its vibrant textile art. Or, visit Amantani Island, where local families offer homestays that provide an authentic cultural exchange. The shimmering waters of Lake Titicaca reflect the clear Andean skies, creating a tranquil setting that invites relaxation and reflection. Whether you’re kayaking, visiting ancient ruins, or simply soaking in the breathtaking views, Lake Titicaca promises a unique and peaceful escape.
The Colca Canyon Adventure
Colca Canyon, one of the deepest canyons in the world, offers an exhilarating adventure for those seeking to explore Peru’s lesser-known natural wonders. Located in southern Peru, near the city of Arequipa, Colca Canyon plunges to depths of over 3,270 meters (10,730 feet), making it nearly twice as deep as the Grand Canyon. The canyon is renowned for its dramatic landscapes, from terraced fields and towering cliffs to the Colca River that winds its way through the valley.
One of the canyon’s highlights is the chance to see the majestic Andean condor in flight. These enormous birds, with wingspans reaching up to 3 meters (10 feet), can often be seen soaring gracefully on thermal updrafts. Adventure enthusiasts can trek through the canyon, discovering remote villages, hot springs, and ancient pre-Inca ruins along the way. Colca Canyon offers an unforgettable blend of natural beauty, wildlife, and cultural heritage, making it a must-visit hidden gem.
The Mysterious Chachapoyas
The Chachapoyas region, often referred to as the “Warriors of the Clouds,” is a hidden gem nestled in the cloud forests of northern Peru. This area is rich in history and mystery, home to the ancient Chachapoya civilization that thrived between 800 and 1470 CE. One of the most fascinating sites in this region is Kuelap, a massive stone fortress perched on a mountain ridge. Often compared to Machu Picchu, Kuelap features towering walls, intricate stonework, and over 400 roundhouse.
Another captivating site is the Karajia Sarcophagi, where uniquely designed clay tombs stand guard on cliff faces, offering a glimpse into the funerary practices of the Chachapoya. The region’s lush landscapes are perfect for trekking and exploring hidden waterfalls, such as the towering Gocta Falls, one of the highest in the world. Visiting Chachapoyas provides an extraordinary adventure into Peru’s lesser-known archaeological and natural treasures.
Practical Tips for Traveling to Peru
Dealing with Altitude Sickness
Altitude sickness is a common concern for travelers visiting high-altitude destinations in Peru, such as Cusco and Lake Titicaca. To mitigate its effects, it’s crucial to acclimate gradually. Spend a couple of days in a lower-altitude area like Lima before ascending to higher regions. Hydration is key, so drink plenty of water and avoid alcohol and caffeine, which can exacerbate dehydration. Local remedies, such as coca tea, are widely consumed and can help alleviate mild symptoms.
Over-the-counter medications like acetazolamide (Diamox) can also be effective if taken before ascending. Pay attention to your body’s signals; symptoms like headaches, nausea, and dizziness should not be ignored. If symptoms persist, it’s important to descend to a lower altitude and seek medical assistance. Taking it slow, staying well-hydrated, and allowing your body time to adjust can make a significant difference in enjoying your high-altitude adventures.
Safety and Vaccination Requirements
When traveling to Peru, it’s essential to be aware of safety and vaccination requirements to ensure a smooth and healthy trip. Before departure, consult your healthcare provider about necessary vaccinations.
- Commonly recommended (although not required) vaccines for Peru include Hepatitis A and B, Typhoid, and Tetanus.
- If you plan to visit the Amazon region, a Yellow Fever vaccination is highly recommended, and
- You may also consider anti-malarial medication.
Peru is generally a safe destination but it’s wise to take basic precautions. Keep your belongings secure and be vigilant in crowded areas to avoid pickpocketing. Use reputable transportation services and avoid walking alone at night, especially in unfamiliar areas. It’s also a good idea to register with your embassy and have travel insurance that covers health and emergencies.
By staying informed and prepared, you can focus on enjoying the rich experiences that Peru has to offer.
LGBTQ+ Friendly Destinations
Peru is evolving as a welcoming destination for LGBTQ+ travelers, with several cities and regions standing out for their inclusivity and vibrant communities. Lima, the capital, is the most LGBTQ+ friendly city in Peru. The district of Miraflores is known for its lively nightlife, inclusive bars, and cultural events that embrace diversity. Barranco, another district in Lima, offers a bohemian atmosphere with LGBTQ+ friendly cafes, art galleries, and music venues.
Cusco, the gateway to Machu Picchu, is also becoming more inclusive. While the city maintains a traditional charm, it has a growing number of LGBTQ+ friendly accommodations and tour operators. The Sacred Valley and other tourist-rich areas are recognizing the importance of inclusivity, and makes efforts to provide safe and welcoming environments for all travelers.
When planning your trip, consider booking with LGBTQ+ friendly hotels and tour companies to ensure a comfortable and enjoyable experience. Peru’s hospitality extends to everyone, making it an enriching destination for LGBTQ+ travelers.
Did this help? If so, leave your comments below and tell us what you want to see more of on this blog. Also, visit Lonely Planet’s 10 Things to Know Before Going to Peru! It’s a great supplement to this article and a good travel resource.
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